The Best Way To Difference Between C And C++

Introduction to C++ Programming Language

Hello Friends, All of you are requested to read the entire article so that you can understand in the best way. Today we are going to know through this article about:

• Difference between C and C++
• Object-Oriented Programming Concepts
• Object and Class in C++
• Abstraction in C++
• Encapsulation in C++
• Polymorphism
• Inheritance in C++
• Operator Overloading

Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs initially developed C++ during the early 1980's. It was developed to help C such as efficiency and provide low-level system level coding support, among other features. Introduced to this features including classes with inheritance and virtual functions. C++ is best described as a super set of C, with full support for object-oriented programming.

TIPS: Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs initially developed C++ during the early 1980's.

What is the difference between C and C++?

Even while the languages have a similar syntax, they are fundamentally extremely different. C is a procedural language. When approaching a programming challenge the general method of solution is to break the task into successively smaller sub tasks. This is known as top-down design.

C++ is an object-oriented language. To solve a problem with C++ the first step is to design classes that are abstractions of physical objects. These classes include both the object's members, which describe its state, and its methods, which indicate its capabilities. Following the creation of the classes, a program is created that makes use of the classes to do the job at hand. C++ maintains aspects of the C programming language, yet has features which simplify memory management. Additionally, some of the features of C++ allow low-level access to memory but also contain high level features. C++ could be considered a super set of C. C programs will run in C++ compilers. C uses structured programming concepts and techniques while C++ uses object oriented programming and classes which focus on data.

TIPS: C++ is best described as a super set of C, with full support for object-oriented programming.

TIPS: C++ is an object-oriented language. C is procedural language. C uses structured programming concepts and techniques while C++ uses object oriented programming and classes which focus on data.

What are the elements of Object-Oriented Programming Concepts?

We have explained the elements of object-oriented programming are:

1. Object and Class
2. Data abstraction
3. Encapsulation
4. Inheritance
5. Polymorphism
6. Operator overloading

We explain each of these elements in brief now, you may find it difficult here but you understand exactly when you read subsequent chapters.

What are the concepts of object & class in C++?

A class is a method for linking the data and related functions. Object is an entity of class. Class can be called as user-defined data type and the objects of the particular class are of same type as that of the class. Objects are used to access data and functions defined in the class.

TIPS: A class is a way to bind the data and associated functions together.

Classes are the building blocks from which objects are formed. They define the type of data that an object contains and the functions for manipulating that data. They define the nature and shape of an object. Each object represents a certain class. They are the entities that contain data and provide functions for manipulating that data. For example in real life scooter and motorcycle are the objects of the class two wheeler.

TIPS: Object is an entity of class. Objects are used to access data and functions defined in the class.

TIPS: Classes are the templates from which objects are created.

TIPS: Every object is an instance of a class.

What do you mean by abstraction in C++?

Abstraction means representing essential features without including the background details or explanation. In C++ classes use the concept of abstraction and are defined as a list of abstract data and functions to operate on these data. As the classes use the concept of abstraction they are also known as Abstract Data types (ADT's).

What do you mean by encapsulation in C++?

In C++ the data and function are held together in a single unit called class, this property is known as encapsulation. Encapsulation forms a important feature of class. Outside of the class, no one can access the data. Only the functions that are inside the class can access the data. The protection of the data from direct access by the program is called data hiding or data abstraction.

What is Polymorphism?

As we know "Poly" means many and "Morph" means form. So polymorphism means the ability to exhibit many forms. In C++ using functions in different ways depending on what they are operating on is called the polymorphism.

We make use of polymorphism for overloading of functions also. Operator overloading is also a special kind of polymorphism which has been discussed later on.

What do you mean by inheritance in C++?

Inheritance is defined as creating new classes called derived classes from the base class. The derived classes inherit all the attributes of the base class and add some attributes of its own. Inheritance provides re-usability of the code. This enables us to create an object that is derived from a different one and can contain both members of the original object and new ones.

All of the visible members of the base class are inherited by classes that are derived from it. This means that if we derive a class from a base class that has a member A and that class has a member B, the derived class will include both A and B.

What is Operator Overloading?

Operator overloading is one of the feature of object oriented programming. Operator overloading means giving new meaning to normal C++ operators such as +,-,*,/ etc when they are used with the user defined data types i.e. objects.

For example:

int a,b,c,

c=a+b;

The addition operator perform perfectly when used with the basic data types.

distance d1,d2,d3;

d3=d1+d2;

distance is a class and d1, d2, d3 are objects of class distance. When the addition operator is used with objects compiler indicates an error. This is the reason we require operator overloading when perform such operations on the user defined data types.

TIPS: Operator overloading means giving new meaning to normal C++ operators such as +, -, *, / etc when they are used with the user defined data types i.e., objects.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

• What is difference between C and C++ syntax?
  The two languages have nearly identical overall syntax. In order to reach the same goals, C++ uses the same operators and keywords that are used in C. Moreover, C++ has a longer grammar and more keywords than C. Both block comments, */ */ and inline comments, //, have the same appearance.
  
  
• Is C++ faster than C?
  Polymorphism, Abstract Data Types, Encapsulation, and other significant features are supported by the object-oriented programming language C++. In comparison to the C language, speed is quicker since it supports object-orientation.
  
  
• Where is C and C++ used?
  It is applied when a low-level programming language is required, much like C. While C++ is often used for graphically intensive software like games, programs for editing photos and videos, and browsers, C is more usually applied for embedded systems and OS kernels.
  
  
• Which is the best programming language?
  Javascript: One of the key elements of the World Wide Web is the high-level computer language known as JavaScript.
  Python: Due to its clarity, Python is one of the most widely used programming languages today and is simple to learn for beginners.